Computing Systems (CS)
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Hardware & Software (HS)
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L2.CS.HS.01 Identify and categorize the roles of a variety of operating system software.
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Troubleshooting (T)
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L2.CS.T.01 Illustrate how understanding the ways hardware components facilitate logic, input, output, and storage in computing systems will support troubleshooting.
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Networks & The Internet (NI)
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Network Communication & Organization (NCO)
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L2.NI.NCO.01 Describe the issues that impact network functionality (e.g., bandwidth, load, latency, topology).
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Cybersecurity (CY)
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L2.NI.CY.01 Compare and refine ways in which software developers protect devices and information from unauthorized access.
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Data Analysis (DA)
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Collection, Visualization, & Transformation (CVT)
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L2.DA.CVT.01 Use data analysis tools and techniques to identify patterns from complex real-world data.
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| L2.DA.CVT.02 Generate data sets that use a variety of data collection tools and analysis techniques to support a claim and/or communicate information. |
Inference & Models (IM)
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L2.DA.IM.01 Use models and simulations to help plan, conduct, and refine investigations.
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Algorithms & Programming (AP)
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Algorithms (A)
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L2.AP.A.01 Model and use appropriate terminology to describe how artificial intelligence algorithms drive many software and physical systems (e.g., autonomous robots, pattern recognition, text analysis).
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| L2.AP.A.02 Develop an artificial intelligence algorithm to play a game against a human opponent or solve a real-world problem. |
| L2.AP.A.03 Critically examine and trace classic algorithms (e.g., selection sort, insertion sort, binary search, linear search). |
| L2.AP.A.04 Evaluate algorithms (e.g., sorting, searching) in terms of their efficiency and clarity. |
Variables (V)
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L2.AP.V.01 Compare and contrast data structures and their uses (e.g., lists, stacks, queues).
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Control (C)
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L2.AP.C.01 Model the execution of repetition (e.g., loops, recursion) of an algorithm illustrating output and changes in values of named variables.
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Modularity (M)
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L2.AP.M.01 Construct solutions to problems using student-created components (e.g., procedures, modules, objects).
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| L2.AP.M.02 Design or redesign a solution to a large-scale computational problem by identifying generalizable patterns. |
| L2.AP.M.03 Create programming solutions by reusing existing code (e.g., libraries, Application Programming Interface (APIs), code repositories). |
Program Development (PD)
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L2.AP.PD.01 Create software that will provide solutions to a variety of users using multiple software development processes.
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L2.AP.PD.02 Design software in a project team environment using integrated development environments (IDEs), versioning systems, and collaboration systems.
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L2.AP.PD.03 Develop programs for multiple computing platforms.
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L2.AP.PD.04 Systematically examine code for correctness, usability, readability, efficiency, portability, and scalability through peer review.
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| L2.AP.PD.05 Develop and use a series of test cases to verify that a program performs according to its design specifications. |
| L2.AP.PD.06 Explain security issues that might lead to compromised computer programs. |
| L2.AP.PD.07 Modify an existing program to add additional functionality and discuss intended and unintended implications (e.g., breaking other functionality). |
Impacts of Computing (IC)
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Culture (CU)
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L2.IC.CU.01 Evaluate the beneficial and harmful effects that computational artifacts and innovations have on society.
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| L2.IC.CU.02 Evaluate the impact of location and user audience on the distribution of computing resources in a global society. |
| L2.IC.CU.03 Design and implement a study that evaluates or predicts how creating, testing, and refining computational artifacts has revolutionized an aspect of our culture and how it might evolve (e.g., education, healthcare, art/entertainment, energy). |
Internet Safety, Law, & Ethics (SLE)
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L2.IC.SLE.01 Debate laws and regulations that impact the development and use of software.
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